Aluminum aluminum ni iki?
Aluminum alloy ni ibigize imiti aho ibindi bintu byongewe kuri aluminiyumu byera kugirango byongere imitungo, cyane cyane kugirango wongere imbaraga. Ibindi bintu birimo icyuma, Silicon, Umuringa, Magnesium, Manganese na Zinc kurwego rwahujwe na 15 ku ijana byuburemere. Alloys yahawe numero enye, aho imibare yambere igaragaza icyiciro rusange, cyangwa urukurikirane, kurangwa nibintu byayo nyamukuru.
Aluminium
1XXX
Urukurikirane rwa 1xxx Alloys igizwe na aluminiyumu 99% cyangwa ubuziranenge. Uru rukurikirane rufite ibihano byiza byo kurwanya ibimuga, ibikorwa byiza, ndetse no mu bushyuhe bwinshi kandi bufite amashanyarazi. Niyo mpamvu 1XXX ikoreshwa mugukwirakwiza, cyangwa imbohe ya grid, imirongo. Ibisanzwe byahinduwe muri uru rukurikirane ni 1350, ku ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi, na 1100, kubera gupakira ibiryo.
Ubushyuhe-Amahirwe
Ibikoresho bimwe birashimangirwa nubushyuhe bwo gushyuha hanyuma bikamara, cyangwa gukonjesha byihuse. Guvura ubushyuhe bifata icyuma gikomeye, kibujijwe kandi kibushyuza ingingo runaka. Amateka ya Acy, yitwa Gukemurwa, yagabanijwemo ibitsina hamwe na aluminium abishyira mubikorwa bikomeye. Icyuma cyarangiye, cyangwa gikonje cyane, gikonjesha atome ya atome. Atome ya atome rero ihuriro ryimvura ikwirakwizwa neza. Ibi bibaho mubushyuhe bwicyumba bita gusaza bisanzwe cyangwa mubushyuhe buke bwubushyuhe butitwa gusaza.
2XXX
Mu rukurikirane rwa 2xxx, umuringa ukoreshwa nk'uburyo buhanga kandi burashobora gushimangirwa cyane binyuze mu gukemura amaco. Ibi bikoresho bigira ihuriro ryiza ryimbaraga nyinshi nubukaze, ariko ntugire urwego rwo kurwanya ruswa nkandi benshi aluminium. Kubwibyo, aya makuru asanzwe ashushanyije cyangwa ngo amenetse kubitekerezo nkibi. Muri rusange bambaye ubusumbano burebure cyangwa umurongo wa 6xxx agyled kugirango barwanye cyane. ALYY 2024 Ahari indege izwi cyane.
6XXX
Urukurikirane rwa 6xxx ni ibintu bitandukanye, bivuguruzanya, birashimishije cyane, birashobora gutanga imbaraga nyinshi hamwe nimbaraga zisumbabyo. Ibisobanuro muri uru rukurikirane burimo silicon na magnesium hagamijwe gukora magneside ibitambo bya magnesium muri alloy. Ibikomoka ku bicuruzwa biva kuri 6xxx ni uguhitamo kwambere kubisabwa ubwubatsi na porogaramu. ALY61 niyo yakoreshejwe cyane muri uruhererekane kandi ikunze gukoreshwa mumakamyo na marike marine. Byongeye kandi, urubanza rumwe rwa terefone rwakozwe muri 6xxx rukomeye.
7xxx urukurikirane
Zinc ni umukozi w'ibanze muri uru ruhererekane, kandi igihe magnesium yongewemo mu buryo buto, ibisubizo ni ubushyuhe, imbaraga nyinshi. Ibindi bintu nkumuringa na chromium birashobora no kongerwaho muburyo buke. Ibihe bizwi cyane bizwi ni 7050 na 7075, bikoreshwa cyane munganda zindege.
Ubushyuhe bukabije
Alloys idafite ubushyuhe irakomera kubera ubukonje-gukora. Gukora ubukonje bibaho mugihe cyo kuzunguruka cyangwa guhimba kandi nigikorwa cya "gukora" icyuma kugirango gikomera. Kurugero, mugihe uzunguruka alumunum kumanuka kuri gauges, birakomera. Ni ukubera ko gukora imbeho byubaka gutandukana nimyanya muburyo, noneho bibuza kugenda kwa atome ugereranije. Ibi byongera imbaraga z'icyuma. Ibikoresho byo gusubiramo nka magnesium birakaze iyi ngaruka, bikaviramo imbaraga zo hejuru.
3XXX
Manganese ni ikintu gikomeye muri uruhererekane muri uru rukurikirane, akenshi ufite umubare muto wa Magnesium yongeyeho. Ariko, gusa ijanisha rigarukira rya Manganese rishobora kongerwa neza kuri aluminium. 3003 ni alloy ikunzwe kumugambi rusange kuko ifite imbaraga ziciriritse kandi ikora ibikorwa byiza kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mubisabwa nko guhanura no guteka. ALPY 3004 Kandi impinduka zayo zikoreshwa mumibiri yinyoni y'ibinyobwa bya aluminiyumu.
4XXX
4XXX ikurikirana ihuza na silicon, ishobora kongerwaho muburyo buhagije bwo kugabanya ingingo yo gushonga kwa alumini, nta gukora inyota. Kubera iyi, 4xxx Urukurikirane rwa 4xxx kubyara neza insinga kandi igata ihindura aho hakenewe ahantu ho gushonga. Alloy 4043 nimwe mubisobanuro byuzuye byuzuye kugirango usuhereze 6xxx serure kuri porogaramu yubaka kandi yimodoka.
5XXX
Magnesium numukozi wambere wambere muri 5xxx urukurikirane kandi ni kimwe mubintu byiza kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubintu bya aluminimu. Ibisobanuro muri uru rukurikirane bufite uburyo buciriritse kubiranga imbaraga nyinshi, kimwe no gusudira neza no kurwanya ruswa mubidukikije bya marine. Kubera iyo mpamvu, aluminium-magnesium akoreshwa cyane mu kubaka no kubaka, tanks yo kubika, ibikoresho byimiturire hamwe na porogaramu yo mu nyanja. Ingero zisanzwe porogaramu zirimo: 5052 muri electronics, 5083 mubisabwa marine, Anoded Impapuro 5005 kubisabwa nubwubatsi na 5182 bituma ibinyobwa bya alumumu bishobora gusiga umupfundikizo.
