Ku ya 9 Kamena, Minisitiri w’intebe wa Qazaqisitani, Orzas Bektonov, yabonanye na Liu Yongxing, umuyobozi w’Ubushinwa Itsinda ry’amizero y’iburasirazuba, maze impande zombi zirangiza ku mugaragaro umushinga wa parike y’inganda za aluminiyumu uhujwe n’ishoramari ingana na miliyari 12 z’amadolari y’Amerika. Uyu mushinga ushingiye ku bukungu buzengurutse kandi uzareba urwego rwose rw’ubucukuzi bwa bauxite, gutunganya alumina, gushonga aluminiyumu ya electrolytike, no gutunganya byimbitse. Izaba ifite kandi ibikoresho bya GW 3 byongerwaho ingufu zitanga ingufu, bigamije kubaka ikigo cya mbere cy’isi “zero carbone aluminium” gifunga ibicuruzwa biva mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro kugeza ku bicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro.
Ibyingenzi byaranze umushinga:
Kuringaniza igipimo n'ikoranabuhanga:Icyiciro cya mbere cyuyu mushinga kizubaka umusaruro wa buri mwaka toni miliyoni 2 z’uruganda rwa alumina na toni miliyoni imwe y’uruganda rwa aluminiyumu ya electrolytike, hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ry’icyuma gisukuye ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi rigabanya ubukana bwa karuboni hejuru ya 40% ugereranije n’ibikorwa gakondo.
Gutwarwa ningufu zicyatsi:Ubushobozi bwashyizweho bwingufu zishobora kongera ingufu nkingufu zumuyaga bugera kuri gigawatt 3, zishobora kuzuza 80% amashanyarazi akenewe. Igereranya mu buryo butaziguye n’ibipimo by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi (CBAM) no kohereza ibicuruzwa ku isoko ry’iburayi bizirinda amahoro menshi ya karubone.
Akazi no kuzamura inganda:Biteganijwe ko hazashyirwaho amahirwe arenga 10000 y’akazi kandi akiyemeza kohereza ikoranabuhanga na gahunda yo guhugura abakozi kugira ngo bafashe Kazakisitani kuva mu “gihugu cyohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga” kikaba “ubukungu bw’inganda”.
Ubujyakuzimu bw'ingamba:inganda zinganda zubushinwa Kazakisitani "ubufatanye n'umuhanda"
Ubu bufatanye ntabwo ari ishoramari rimwe gusa, ahubwo binagaragaza isano iri hagati y’Ubushinwa na Qazaqistan mu kuzuzanya umutungo no gucunga umutekano.
Ahantu ibikoresho:Ikigega cya Bauxite cyagaragaye muri Qazaqistan kiri mu bihugu bitanu bya mbere ku isi, kandi igiciro cy’amashanyarazi ni 1/3 gusa cy’ibice byo ku nkombe z’Ubushinwa. Urebye ibyiza bya geografiya ya “Belt and Road” ihuriro ry’ubwikorezi ku butaka, irashobora kumurika amasoko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Aziya yo hagati n’Ubushinwa.
Kuzamura inganda:Umushinga utangiza ibyuma byimbitse byo gutunganya (nkimodokaamasahani ya aluminiumn'ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu y'indege) kuziba icyuho mu nganda zikora inganda za Qazaqistan no guteza imbere 30% -50% mu kongera agaciro kiyongereye ku bicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bidafite fer.
Icyatsi kibisi:Muguhuza ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga rike rya karubone, ijwi ry’amasosiyete y’Abashinwa mu nganda z’icyuma ku isi ryarushijeho kwiyongera, bituma habaho uruzitiro rw’ingamba zo kurwanya “inzitizi z’icyatsi” z’Uburayi na Amerika.
Kuvugurura inganda za aluminiyumu ku isi: amasosiyete y’Abashinwa '' paradizo nshya yo kujya ku isi '
Uku kwimuka kwa Dongfang Byiringiro Itsinda ryerekana gusimbuka imishinga ya aluminiyumu yo mu Bushinwa kuva ku musaruro uva ku bicuruzwa bisanzwe.
Kwirinda ingaruka z’ubucuruzi:Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi urateganya kongera igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga “aluminiyumu y’icyatsi” kugera kuri 60% mu 2030. Uyu mushinga urashobora kurenga inzitizi z’ubucuruzi gakondo binyuze mu musaruro waho kandi ugahita winjira mu bucuruzi bushya bw’ibinyabiziga by’ingufu by’iburayi (nk’uruganda rwa Tesla rwa Berlin).
Gufunga uruziga rw'inganda zose:Kubaka sisitemu ya mpandeshatu ya "Kazakisitani Mining Ubushinwa Ikoranabuhanga rya EU" kugirango igabanye ibikoresho n'ingaruka za politiki. Biteganijwe ko umushinga ushobora kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere iterwa no gutwara intera ndende hafi toni miliyoni 1.2 ku mwaka nyuma yo kugera ku musaruro.
Ingaruka yo gukorana:Imirenge ya silikoni ya Photovoltaque na polycrystalline munsi yitsinda irashobora gushiraho isano ninganda za aluminiyumu, nko gukoresha ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y’izuba ya Qazaqisitani mu kubaka amashanyarazi y’amashanyarazi, bikagabanya no gukoresha ingufu za aluminium electrolytike.
Ibibazo bizaza hamwe ningaruka zinganda
Nubwo ibyifuzo byinshi byumushinga, ibibazo byinshi biracyakenewe gukemurwa.
Ibyago bya geopolitike: Amerika n'Uburayi birimo gukaza umurego mu “de Sinicize imiyoboro minini itangwa ry'amabuye y'agaciro,” kandi Kazakisitani, nk'umunyamuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’ubukungu bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi iyobowe n’Uburusiya, ishobora guhura n’igitutu cy’iburengerazuba.
Guhindura ikoranabuhanga: Uruganda rwa Harbin rufite intege nke, kandi gukora ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu yo mu rwego rwo hejuru bisaba guhuza tekiniki igihe kirekire. Ikibazo cy'ingutu ku bwitange bwa Dongfang mu kongera umubare w'abakozi baho (ufite intego yo kugera kuri 70% mu myaka 5) bizaba ikizamini cy'ingenzi.
Ubushobozi burenze urugero: Igipimo cyo gukoresha isi yose yubushobozi bwa electrolytike ya aluminium yagabanutse munsi ya 65%, ariko umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwumwaka wa aluminiyumu yicyatsi urenga 25%. Uyu mushinga uteganijwe gufungura isoko yinyanja yubururu binyuze mumwanya utandukanye (karuboni nkeya, iherezo-ryanyuma).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-17-2025