Mu mahugurwa yo gukora ibikoresho bya terefone, uruhu rwindege, no kubaka urukuta rwumwenda, indorerwamo yoroshyeisahani ya aluminiumIrashobora guhindurwa "uruhu rwubwenge" irwanya urutoki, irwanya gushushanya, ndetse ikagira ibara nyuma yo gutunganywa mu buryo butangaje. Ubu ni ubumaji bwa tekinoroji yo kuvura aluminiyumu - binyuze mu buryo bw'umubiri, imiti, cyangwa ibinyabuzima, “ibikoresho bya molekuline” bitandukanye byubatswe hejuru ya aluminiyumu, bigatuma ibyuma bisanzwe bitanga imbaraga zidasanzwe.
Kuki kuvura hejuru bikenewe?
Nubwo aluminium izwi nk "icyuma kitigera kibora", imiterere yacyo ifite inenge eshatu zingenzi:
Indwara ishobora kwangirika: Mu bidukikije bitose, aluminiyumu ikora na ogisijeni ikora urwego rukingira aside ya aluminium, ariko ibidukikije bya aside cyangwa alkaline bishobora kwangiza iyi nzitizi karemano.
Kurwanya kwambara nabi: aluminiyumu yuzuye ifite ubukana bwa HV15-20 gusa (ibyuma bifite HV40-60), kandi gushushanya bikunze kugaragara mugihe cyo guterana burimunsi.
Imipaka yuburanga: Ubuso bwa aluminiyumu itavuwe neza kandi butagira urumuri, bigatuma bigorana kuzuza ibisabwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Tekinoroji yo kuvura hejuru igamije gukemura ibyo bibazo ikora igipande gikora cya 0.1-500 μ m hejuru ya aluminium, ikagiha ibimenyetso biranga nko kurwanya ruswa, kurwanya kwambara, no gushushanya. Toni zirenga miliyoni 200 za aluminiyumu zivurwa ku isi buri mwaka, bigatuma umusaruro urenga miliyari 300 z'amadolari y'Amerika.
Isesengura ryuzuye rya tekinoroji yo kuvura hejuru
Anodizing: Ubumaji bwa Electrolysis butera 'ibirwanisho'
Ihame: Shira ibikoresho bya aluminium muri electrolyte ya sulfurike hanyuma ubyare 10-200 μ m ya alumina ceramic ceramic hejuru nyuma yo guhabwa amashanyarazi.
Ibyingenzi bya tekinike
Gukora mikoro ntoya yubuki hamwe nuburemere bugera kuri HV300 (byiyongereyeho 15)
Irashobora gusiga amabara arenga 200 (nka gradient ubururu kuri iPhone).
Umunyu utera ruswa irwanya amasaha 2000 (isahani isanzwe ya aluminium amasaha 500 gusa).
Urubanza
Ikirere: Boeing 787 fuselage uruhu rwa anodised ivura kunoza gusaza UV inshuro eshatu.
Kubaka urukuta rw'umwenda: Alucobond igizwe na anodize ya firime yuburebure bwa 50 μ m, hamwe nubuzima bwimyaka irenga 50.
Amashanyarazi: Kwambuka umupaka Kwinjiza ibyuma
Ihame: Ukoresheje amashanyarazi, nikel, chromium, amabati nibindi byuma bitwikiriye hejuru ya aluminium.
Iterambere rishya:
Nanoelectroplating: Ubuyapani butezimbere ultra-thin coatings hamwe nubunini bwa 1 μ m gusa kugirango ikomeze ibyiza bya substrate yoroheje.
Gukomatanya amashanyarazi: Ongeramo uduce duto twa diyama kumuti wa plaque kugirango wongere ubukana kuri HV1000.
Gusimbuza ibidukikije: Inzira ya Cyanide yubusa igabanya ibyuka bihumanya 90%.
Ibisabwa
Ibinyabiziga bitwara ibinyabiziga: Bateri ya Tesla yuzuye isahani ya nikel, irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bugera kuri 800 ℃.
Ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike: Igikonoshwa cya MacBook cyometseho umuringa, ubushyuhe bwumuriro bwazamutseho 40%.
Micro arc okiside (MAO): “itanura rya atome” yo gutwikira ceramic
Ihame rya tekiniki: Munsi yumuriro wamashanyarazi mwinshi, plasma isohoka ikorwa hejuru ya aluminiyumu, ikora ceramic 10-200 μ m ceramic.
Ibyiza byo gukora:
Kurwanya kwambara: Igipimo cyo kwambara kiri munsi ya 5 × 10 ⁻⁷ mm ³ / N · m (1/5 cya anodizing).
Imikorere ya insulation: kumeneka voltage kugeza 2000V / mm (inshuro 10 zicyuma).
Biocompatibilité: yemejwe nubuvuzi kugirango ikoreshwe mu guteranya ibihimbano.
Imipaka ikoreshwa:
Ibikoresho byubuvuzi: Ubudage B Braun ibikoresho byo kubaga bisizwe hamwe na MAO hejuru, hamwe na antibacterial igipimo cya 99.9%.
Gukoresha icyogajuru: NASA yateje imbere Al ₂ O ∝ - TiO ₂ igizwe na ceramic layer, ubushyuhe bwihanganira 2000 ℃.
Filime ihindura imiti: "ingabo itagaragara" yo gukora icyatsi
Ibikoresho bya tekiniki: Ntibikenewe amashanyarazi, kubyara firime ikingira igisubizo cyubushyuhe bwicyumba.
Inzira isanzwe:
Guhindura Chromate: Kurwanya ruswa nziza, ariko chromium ya hexavalent ni kanseri (ibujijwe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi).
Guhindura fosifate ya chromate: chromium yubusa kandi yangiza ibidukikije ubundi buryo bwo gukemura, ikoreshwa neza mumurongo wa Ford.
Kuvura Silane: Gusimbuza umunyu wibyuma na molekile ya organosilane bigabanya amafaranga yo gutunganya amazi mabi 70%.
Impinduramatwara nshya yubuhanga
Igikoresho cya Nano: kurinda urwego rwa molekuline kurinda neza
Ipitingi ya “biomimetic lotus leaf effect” yakozwe na kaminuza ya Harvard ifite impande zingana na dogere 160 kandi ibitonyanga byamazi bihita bitembaBASF nanoceramic itwikiriye Ubudage, ifite umubyimba wa 200nm, irashobora kurwanya ingaruka zumucanga na kaburimbo.
Kwikiza wenyine: "kwiyubaka ubwawe" ibikoresho
Kansai Coatings mu Buyapani yashyizeho uburyo bwa microcapsule yo kwikiza irekura ibikoresho byo gusana ahabigenewe, bituma hasubirwamo amasaha 24.
Ishuri rikuru rya siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga rya Hefei, Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Ubushinwa, ryateguye igishishwa cyita ku bushyuhe gihita gisana iyo gihuye n’ubushyuhe.
Ibara ryubwenge rihindura igifuniko: ubuso bushobora 'gutekereza'
Gentex electrochromic ikirahure kiva muri Isiraheli, hamwe nogukwirakwiza urumuri rwahinduwe na voltage (1% -80%)
Tekinoroji ya elegitoroniki ya elegitoroniki yo mu Budage igera ku guhinduranya imbaraga ku buso bwa plaque ya aluminium.
Inganda zikoreshwa panorama
Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki byabaguzi: kwerekana ibihangano byuzuye
Ikadiri ya Huawei Mate yakira micro arc oxyde + PVD, hamwe nubunini bwa 0,6mm gusa.Ikarita ya Samsung Galaxy S24 Ultra ikoresha firime ya karubone isa na diyama (DLC) ifite ubukana bwa HV900.
Ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu: Kuringaniza uburemere n'umutekano
BYD blade ya tray itwara anodizing + epoxy resin coating, flame retardant urwego UL94 V-0
Ibirwanisho bya BMW iX chassis bisizwe na silane ceramicised, bigabanya ibiro 30% kandi birwanya ingaruka.
Urukuta rw'umwenda wubatswe: Kugaragaza ikoranabuhanga ryubwiza bwimijyi
Inkuta z'inyuma za Burj Khalifa i Dubai zometseho fluorocarubone, hamwe n’ikirere kigera ku myaka 50.
Ikamba ry'umunara w'ikigo cya Shanghai Inyubako ikoresha Photocatalyse yo kwisukura kugirango ikureho umukungugu nyuma yo koza imvura.
Ibizaza hamwe n'ibibazo
Guhindura Icyatsi
Biobased agent agent: gukoresha ibimera kugirango usimbuze imiti gakondo
Kuvura ubushyuhe buke bwa plasma: gukoresha ingufu byagabanutseho 50%, nta gusohora amazi mabi.
Kwishyira hamwe kwinshi
Ubushakashatsi niterambere rya superhydrophobic, antibacterial, hamwe nuyobora bitatu muri coating
Kurambura ibikoresho bya elegitoronike: bikomeza ubworoherane nubwo burambuye bwa 300%.
Iterambere ryubwenge
Sensor ihuriweho hamwe: Gukurikirana igihe nyacyo cyimiterere yubuzima.
Ibara ryoroheje rihindura ibara: guhita uhindura ibara ryimbaraga ukurikije ubukana bwa UV.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-09-2025