Kuruhande rwimpinduka zihuse mubikorwa byimodoka ku isi, aluminium ihinduka ibintu byingenzi bitera inganda. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, amakuru yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’abashinwa bakora inganda z’imodoka yerekanaga ko umusaruro w’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu byakomeje kwiyongera ku kigero cyo hejuru, aho ukwezi kwinjirira kurenga 42%, kwiyongera ku ijanisha rya 2 ku ijana kuva ku mwaka wose mu 2024. Iyi nzira ntabwo ihindura gusa uburyo bwo gukora ibinyabiziga bikenerwa na aluminium. Nkibikoresho bya kabiri binini mu gukora ibinyabiziga nyuma yicyuma, ibiranga urumuri rwa aluminiyumu byahawe agaciro gashya mugihe cyimodoka nshya zingufu.
Ubwiyongere bukabije bwibinyabiziga bishya byingufu byatumye ibyifuzo bikenerwaibikoresho bya aluminium. Nk’uko imibare iheruka gukorwa n’ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga rya Aluminium ibivuga, biteganijwe ko ikoreshwa rya aluminium kuri buri kinyabiziga ku binyabiziga bishya by’ingufu mu Bushinwa biteganijwe ko rizarenga kilo 180 mu 2025, rikaba rirenga 30% ugereranije n’ibinyabiziga bisanzwe bya peteroli. Iri tandukaniro rituruka kubisabwa bidasanzwe byimodoka nshya zingufu zubaka umubiri, ipaki ya batiri, hamwe na sisitemu ya moteri. Dufashe nk'urugero rushya rw'imodoka zitwara ingufu nkurugero, igipimo cyibikoresho bya aluminiyumu yumubiri wera bikoreshwa muburyo bushya bwa platform bigeze kuri 68%, byiyongereyeho amanota 15 ku ijana ugereranije nibisekuru byabanjirije ibicuruzwa. Inyuma yibi byerekezo byikoranabuhanga ninyungu zikomeye za aluminium mukugabanya ibiro no kongera imikorere - gukoresha ikiro 1 cya aluminium aho gukoresha ibyuma birashobora kugabanya uburemere bwikinyabiziga hafi kilo 2,5, bityo bikazamura intera kandi bikagabanya gukoresha ingufu.
Mugihe cyo guhinduka mubikorwa byimodoka, abatanga aluminiyumu barimo guhindurwa muburyo. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, ingano y’ibicuruzwa bitwara ibinyabiziga ku nganda zo hejuru zitunganya aluminium zo mu gihugu byiyongereyeho 28% umwaka ushize, aho abakiriya b’ibinyabiziga bishya bafite ingufu barenga 65%. Ihinduka ntirigaragarira gusa mubipimo byateganijwe, ahubwo no muburyo bwo kunoza imiterere yibicuruzwa. Igipimo cyubwiyongere bukenewe kubintu byongerewe agaciro mumodoka yimodoka, ibikoresho bya batiri ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu, nibindi bicuruzwa birenze inshuro eshatu ibyo moteri gakondo yaka imbere. Raporo ngarukamwaka y’isosiyete ikora aluminium yashyizwe ku rutonde, inyungu y’inyungu rusange y’imodoka zitwara ibinyabiziga mu 2024 yageze kuri 21.7%, ni ukuvuga amanota 8.2 ku ijana ugereranyije n’ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu yubatswe bisanzwe, byemeza ko inyungu yazanywe no kuzamura inganda.
Mu rwego rwa moto n'ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi, isoko rikeneye kwerekana inzira yo gutandukana. Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry’abatwara moto mu Bushinwa muri Mata 2025, kugurisha moto mu gihugu byiyongereyeho 9.8% umwaka ushize, mu gihe umusaruro wa moto w’amashanyarazi wakomeje kugabanuka, umwaka ushize ugabanuka 17.3%. Ihinduka ryimiterere rifite ingaruka ebyiri kubisabwa ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu: nubwo ingano ya aluminiyumu ikoreshwa mu binyabiziga bya peteroli ihagaze neza, kwiyongera ni bike; Kugabanuka kw'isoko rya moto y'amashanyarazi byagabanije inkunga yo gukenera ibikoresho byoroheje. Nyamara, ku isoko ryoherezwa mu mahanga, hamwe n’umuvuduko w’amashanyarazi ya moto mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya no mu tundi turere, ibicuruzwa by’amapikipiki ya aluminium alloy yo mu Bushinwa byohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga bizakomeza kugera ku mwaka ku mwaka kwiyongera kwa 5.2% mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, byerekana amahirwe yo kubaka mu mahanga.
Ikigaragara cyane ni uko imipaka yo gusaba yaibikoresho bya aluminiumbarimo guca mu mirima gakondo. Bitewe nintego ya "dual carbone", icyifuzo cyibikoresho bya aluminiyumu mubikoresho byamashanyarazi byerekana iterambere riturika. Dukurikije gahunda ya 2025 y’ikigo cya Leta gishinzwe amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho bya minara ya aluminium alloy mu mishinga ya ultra-high voltage bizagera kuri toni 380000, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 22%. Igipimo cya aluminiyumu yinjira mu bikoresho bishya by’ingufu nka shitingi ya fotovoltaque inverter hamwe n’amashanyarazi y’umuyaga yavuye kuri 47% muri 2020 igera kuri 65% muri 2025. Inganda zikoresha ibikoresho byo mu rugo nazo zinjiye mu bihe bishya. Mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, aluminiyumu ikoresha ibikoresho binini nka konderasi na firigo byiyongereyeho 12% umwaka ushize, bitewe ahanini n’uko abantu benshi bahinduranya ubushyuhe bwa aluminiyumu hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwiza.
Ihindagurika ryibisabwa mubijyanye nibikoresho byubwubatsi byerekana ingaruka zumutungo utimukanwa. Muri Werurwe 2025, agace kagurishirizwagamo amazu y’ubucuruzi mu Bushinwa kagabanutseho 8.1% umwaka ushize, bituma kugabanuka kwa 11.3% mu buryo butandukanye bw’imyubakire ya aluminiyumu yubatswe. Nyamara, guteza imbere politiki yimitako inoze byagabanije kugabanya umuvuduko wo kumanuka, kandi kwihanganira ibisabwa kumiryango yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ya aluminium alloy inzugi n’amadirishya, igikoni n’ubwiherero n’ibindi bicuruzwa byagaragaye. Umuyobozi w'ikigo runaka cyerekana aluminiyumu yatangaje ko igipimo cy'imiryango ya sisitemu n'ibicuruzwa bya Windows mu bicuruzwa byabo byifashishijwe mu buhanga byiyongereye kuva kuri 29% muri 2020 bigera kuri 43% muri 2025, byerekana inkunga y'inzego yazanywe no kuzamura abaguzi.
Iyo usubije amaso inyuma ukareba aho inganda zahindutse mu 2025, inganda za aluminiyumu zirimo guhinduka cyane kuva kuyoborwa n’ibikorwa remezo gakondo bigaterwa n’ibikorwa bikenerwa n’inganda. Impinduramatwara yoroheje yimodoka nshya zingufu, kuzamura icyatsi cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi, hamwe nubucuruzi bwibikoresho byo murugo byahurije hamwe uburyo bushya bwo gukenera aluminium. Nubwo igitutu cyigihe gito cyazanywe no guhindura isoko ryubwubatsi, icyifuzo gikomeye murwego rwinganda zo murwego rwo hejuru gitanga inkunga yingenzi muguhindura inganda no kuzamura. Ku nganda zinganda zinganda, gukoresha amahirwe yo gutezimbere ikoranabuhanga, kunoza imiterere yibicuruzwa, no kwagura amasoko azamuka bizahinduka irushanwa nyamukuru ryo guhangana nizunguruka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-14-2025