NIKI SEMICONDUCTOR?
Igikoresho cya semiconductor nikintu cya elegitoronike ikoresha umuyoboro wamashanyarazi ariko ikagira imico iri hagati yuwuyobora, urugero nkumuringa, nuwakoresheje insulator, nkikirahure. Ibi bikoresho bifashisha amashanyarazi muburyo bukomeye bitandukanye na gaze ya gaze cyangwa imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu cyuho, kandi basimbuye imiyoboro ya vacuum mubikorwa byinshi bigezweho.
Ikoreshwa cyane rya semiconductor ni murwego rwumuzingi. Ibikoresho byacu bigezweho byo kubara, harimo terefone zigendanwa hamwe na tableti, birashobora kuba birimo miliyari nini za semiconductor zifatanije kuri chip imwe imwe yose ihujwe na wafer imwe ya semiconductor.
Umuyoboro wa semiconductor urashobora gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye, nko kumenyekanisha amashanyarazi cyangwa magnetiki, ukayashyira kumurabyo cyangwa ubushyuhe, cyangwa bitewe nuburyo bwo guhinduranya imashini ya silikoni ya monocrystalline. Mugihe ibisobanuro bya tekiniki birambuye, manipulation ya semiconductor nicyo cyatumye impinduramatwara yacu ya none ishoboka.
NI GUTE ALUMINUM YAKORESHEJWE MURI SEMICONDUCTORS?
Aluminium ifite ibintu byinshi bituma ihitamo mbere yo gukoresha muri semiconductor na microchips. Kurugero, aluminiyumu ifite aho ihurira na dioxyde ya silicon, igice kinini cyimyororokere (aha niho ikibaya cya Silicon cyabonye izina). Nibikoresho byamashanyarazi, bivuze ko ifite imbaraga nke zamashanyarazi kandi bigatuma itumanaho neza hamwe ninsinga, nibindi byiza bya aluminium. Icyangombwa kandi ni uko byoroshye kubaka aluminiyumu mu nzira yumye, intambwe yingenzi mu gukora semiconductor. Mugihe ibindi byuma, nkumuringa nifeza, bitanga imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa no gukomera kwamashanyarazi, nabyo bihenze cyane kuruta aluminium.
Imwe muma progaramu ikunzwe cyane kuri aluminium mugukora semiconductor iri murwego rwo gukoresha tekinoroji. Gutondekanya ubunini bwa nano umubyimba mwinshi wibyuma byera cyane na silicon muri microprocessor wafers bikorwa binyuze muburyo bwo guhumeka imyuka yumubiri izwi nka sputtering. Ibikoresho bisohoka mu ntego bigashyirwa ku gice cya substrate ya silikoni mu cyumba cya vacuum cyuzuyemo gaze kugira ngo byorohereze inzira; mubisanzwe gaze ya inert nka argon.
Isahani yinyuma kuri izi ntego ikozwe muri aluminiyumu hamwe n’ibikoresho byinshi byo kweza byo kubitsa, nka tantalum, umuringa, titanium, tungsten cyangwa 99,9999% bya aluminiyumu yuzuye, bihujwe hejuru yabyo. Ifoto ya elegitoroniki cyangwa imiti yubuso bwa substrate yubutaka ikora sisitemu ya microscopique yumuzunguruko ikoreshwa mumikorere ya semiconductor.
Amavuta ya aluminiyumu akunze gukoreshwa mu gutunganya igice cya kabiri ni 6061. Kugirango hamenyekane imikorere myiza ya alloy, muri rusange hazashyirwaho urwego rukingira anodize hejuru yicyuma, bizamura ruswa.
Kuberako aribikoresho byukuri, ruswa nibindi bibazo bigomba gukurikiranirwa hafi. Ibintu byinshi byagaragaye ko bigira uruhare mu kwangirika mu bikoresho bya semiconductor, urugero nko kubipakira muri plastiki.