Ku itariki ya 30 Kamena, amakuru aheruka mu nganda yagaragaje ko nyuma y’uko Tesla n’inganda nyinshi nshya zo mu Bushinwa zishyize mu bikorwa bwa mbere insinga za aluminiyumu, Ferrari na BMW, ibigo bibiri bisanzwe by’akataraboneka, byakoresheje ku mugaragaro insinga za aluminiyumu ku rwego runini mu nganda zabo nshya. Ibi bigaragaza intambwe nshya mu nganda z’imodoka "zisimbuza umuringa na aluminiyumu" zimaze imyaka irenga 20 zirimo zitegurwa, zihinduka ku mugaragaro kuva ku mishinga y’igerageza itatanye zijya mu kwihutisha kwinjira mu nganda zose.
Ukurikije umuvuduko w’inganda zishyira mu bikorwa, amasosiyete y’imodoka afite imyanya itandukanye yabonye agaciro gafatika muri uru rugendo rwo gusimbuza ibikoresho. Ferrari yamaze gukoresha cyane ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu mu mubiri wayo, moteri, na chassis. Umwaka ushize, yahinduye insinga zayo z’amashanyarazi ikoresha insinga za aluminiyumu kuri imodoka ya siporo ya 296 hybrid, hanyuma ikora ku bicuruzwa byose, harimo n’imodoka ya mbere y’amashanyarazi ya Luce yasohotse mu kwezi gushize. Umuyobozi wayo ushinzwe itumanaho Dario Esposito yavuze neza ko insinga za aluminiyumu zishobora kugabanya uburemere bwose bw’insinga kugeza kuri 20%, kandi igitekerezo cy’ingenzi cyo guhitamo ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu ni uguhuza imikorere y’ibikoresho n’ibikenewe mu gutwara imodoka muri rusange.
BMW yari imaze kugerageza ibyuma bya aluminiyumu ku bwoko bwayo bwa 1 Series kuva mu 2011, none ubu ikoresha insinga za aluminiyumu zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya eDrive pure electric. Amakuru y’inganda agaragaza ko Stellantis nayo iherutse gukurikirana akazi ko gusimbuza insinga z’umuringa n’insinga za aluminiyumu.
Ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu, ibirango nka Avita, Xiaopeng, na Xiaomi byose byashyize mu bikorwa uburyo bwo gukoresha insinga za aluminiyumu. Ingaruka zo kunoza urwego rw’imodoka zikoresha ikoranabuhanga ryoroheje zihuye neza n’ibisabwa by’ingenzi ku modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Muri icyo gihe, mu gihe cy’intambara nshya y’ibiciro by’ingufu mu Bushinwa, insinga za aluminiyumu zishobora kugabanya ikiguzi cy’indege ku kigero cya 20% ugereranije n’insinga z’umuringa, bigatanga umwanya w’ingenzi ku bigo by’imodoka bifite igitutu ku nyungu.
Imbaraga nyamukuru z'iki gipimo cyo gusimbuza umuringa zikomoka ku gitutu gikomeye cy'ibiciro by'umuringa. Dukurikije amakuru aturuka muri London Metal Exchange, ibiciro by'umuringa byari byageze ku giciro cy'amadolari 15000 kuri toni, kandi igiciro cy'ubu kiri hafi RMB 90000 kuri toni, mu gihe ibiciro bya aluminiyumu muri icyo gihe ari kimwe cya kane cy'ibiciro by'umuringa. Itandukaniro rikomeye ry'ibiciro rigaragaza cyane ubukungu bw'ibikoresho byo gusimbuza umuringa. Ukwiyongera guhoraho kw'ibikenewe mu by'ingufu zidasanzwe n'ibigo by'amakuru byatumye habaho icyuho mu isoko ry'umuringa ku isi mu myaka icumi iri imbere, birushaho kongera imbaraga mu bigo by'imodoka mu guteza imbere gusimbuza ibikoresho.
Ariko, muri rusange inganda zikomeje gusobanukirwa neza ko ubushobozi bwo gutwara amashanyarazi bwa aluminiyumu bukiri hasi ugereranyije n’ubw’umuringa. Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bisaba imbaraga nyinshi zo gutwara amashanyarazi no gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe, insinga z’umuringa ziracyafite ubushobozi bwo kuzisimbura. Muri icyo gihe, ibibazo nko gukoresha ingufu nyinshi murigukora aluminiyumukandi itandukaniro ry’ibiciro by’uturere nabyo ni ibintu bifatika ibigo by’imodoka bigomba gusuzuma mu gihe cyo kwamamaza uburyo bwo gusimbuza. JPMorgan ivuga ko mu 2025, icyifuzo cy’umuringa usimbuwe na aluminiyumu kizaba kingana na 2% by’ibikenewe ku isi yose. Niba itandukaniro ry’ibiciro rikomeje kwaguka mu gihe kizaza, iki gipimo cyitezweho kwiyongera kikagera kuri 6% mu 2030. Gukurikirana ibigo byinshi by’imodoka bizongera vuba igipimo cy’insinga za aluminiyumu mu nganda.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-06-2026